Nuclear power generation involves the use of nuclear reactions to generate electricity. It uses the heat generated by nuclear fission reactions to produce steam, which drives a turbine to generate electricity. The nuclear reaction is typically achieved by splitting the nucleus of an atom into two smaller nuclei, releasing a large amount of energy in the process.

The fuel used in nuclear power generation is typically enriched uranium or plutonium. These materials are processed into small pellets, which are then placed into fuel rods that are loaded into a nuclear reactor.